ILO Working Paper 140 (2025): Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure
Task-level occupational exposure framework for generative AI, built from expert input and model predictions.
OPEN SOURCE ↗Mural art is a physical, site-specific act of public creative expression. AI generates images; mural artists create physical artworks in public space that transform communities.
Mural artists create large-scale paintings on public buildings and walls — a tradition that encompasses political street art, community murals, commercial brand art, and architectural art installations. This is physical work that is inherently site-specific and is moving quickly but still depends on deployment, regulation, and economics.
AI image generation tools can produce designs that could inform or inspire a mural concept. But the mural artist who scales a design to a six-storey building facade, mixes colours that will last outdoors for a decade, adapts the work to the specific texture and condition of the wall, and creates an artwork that speaks to the specific community it serves — this is physical creative work in public space.
Public art commissioning is growing: urban regeneration programmes, brand mural commissions, and community art investment are all creating demand for skilled mural artists. The work requires physical presence, weather tolerance, working at height, and the creative intelligence to create art that transcends its medium.
These are the genuine threats to this profession. They are real, but they are not sufficient to overturn the fundamental analysis. Here is why.
Put the case that Mural Artist / Public Artist will not survive AI displacement. The system responds with counterarguments from the research base. Strong arguments shift the score — up to a maximum of ±15 points. The system is not an AI. It is a structured argument engine.
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Keep the framework, but add at least one sector-specific source and remove any remaining implied precision.
TIER 3 review queue with 6 core sources and 1 framework signals.
This page is grounded in task exposure research and labour-market trend reports, then translated into a reasoned occupation-level argument.
This site now treats exact timelines, total job-loss counts, and regional speed as interpretive estimates unless a cited source states them directly. The argument on this page should be read as a structured forecast, not a guaranteed future.
These impact figures are site estimates for comparison and should not be read as official labour-market counts.
Task-level occupational exposure framework for generative AI, built from expert input and model predictions.
OPEN SOURCE ↗Finds clerical work is the most highly exposed occupational group and that augmentation is often more likely than full occupation automation.
OPEN SOURCE ↗Shows AI exposure is highest in many white-collar cognitive occupations, while manual occupations tend to have lower exposure.
OPEN SOURCE ↗Advanced economies are more exposed to AI because they have more cognitive-intensive jobs; infrastructure and skills limit adoption elsewhere.
OPEN SOURCE ↗Large-employer survey showing clerical roles among the fastest-declining and care, education, software and green-transition jobs among growth areas.
OPEN SOURCE ↗Argues advanced economies are better positioned to benefit from AI due to infrastructure, skills, and institutions.
OPEN SOURCE ↗